Fig. 25, 93W7334, Vagina (ls), H&E
The mucosa of the vagina consists of a stratified squamous epithelium (SSE)
and an underlying fibrous connective tissue (CT) that often appears more
cellular than other fibrous connective tissue. The boundary between the
two is readily identified because of the conspicuous staining of the
closely packed small cells of the basal layer (B) of the epithelium.
Connective tissue papillae (P) project into the underside of the epithelium,
giving the epithelial-connective tissue junction an uneven appearance.
The papillae may be cut obliquely or in cross section and thus may
appear as connective tissue islands (arrows; insert). The epithelium is
characteristically thick and although keratohyaline granules may be
found in the superficial cells, keratinization does not occur in human
vaginal epithelium. Thus, nuclei can be observed throughout the entire
thickness of the epithelium despite the fact that the cytoplasm of most of
the cells above the basal layers appears empty. These cells are normally
filled with large deposits of glycogen that is lost in the processes of
fixation and embedding of the tissue.